Patterns of Trade A Closer Look at Two Countries Essay

Patterns of Trade A Closer Look at Two Countries - Essay ExampleThis led to very close ties with the Middle East, in the south America, US, Singapore, Japan and other South East Asian countries in terms of trade. The failure of a number of South East Asian economies such as Hong Kong, Thailand and Indonesia in the 1990s had little impact on the economy of Australia. Even the political events in the neighboring countries, such as commotions in Fiji and Indonesia, have had no effect on Australias international trade (IMF, 1999).Australia principally exports minerals such as gold, aluminum, iron ore and coal as well as transport equipment, machinery, cotton, wheat and meat. The largest importer of Australias products is Japan, which bought products cost about $9 billion in 1999. The US was second after importing products worth about $4 billion. Other major importers are Italy, Malaysia, Indonesia, UK, Singapore, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, upstart Zealand and South Korea. As can be se en, eight out of the top twelve importers of Australian products are from Asia (IMF, 1999).Australia mainly imports clothing, aircraft equipment, pharmaceutical and medical products, oil products, telecommunications equipment, computers and authorisation machinery, transport equipment mainly motor vehicles, and machinery. The US is the largest exporter of its products to Australia, having exported about $10 billion worth of products in 1999. Australia also gets lots of imports from Malaysia, Italy, Singapore, Taiwan, Indonesia, New Zealand, South Korea, Germany, China, the UK and Japan (IMF, 1999).The juvenile value depreciation of the Australian dollar against the US dollar could affect its current trade deficit, since Australians exports have stick cheaper than its imports. On the other hand, a shadowy Australian currency gives it a competitive advantage over the US, Canada and other countries that sell raw materials to Japan among other countries. The main disadvantage is tha t the imported goods become expensive since more money is required to buy the same product. Australians may therefore find imported goods too costly and even stop purchase them, leading to a decrease in these imports while the exports continue increasing. If this continues, it could lead to a drop in the deficit level (OECD, 2003).Japan Table 1 Japans international tradeYear Value of Imports Value of Exports 1975US$58US$561980US$141US$1301985US$130US$1771990US$235US$2881995US$336US$4431998US$280US$388Source IMF Financial Statistics Yearbook 1999Japan benefited from big trade surpluses in the 1980s mainly due to its diversified manufacturing sector and its restrictive tariffs and regulations that locked out international competition in order to protect its local market (Krugman, 1992). However, Japans trading partners and competitors such as the US forced it open up its economy in the 1980s, resulting in increased imports and decreased surpluses in the 1990s, reaching US$ 144 in 199 4 and move further to US$84 two years later (IMF, 1999).Japan mainly imports fishery products, agricultural products, fuel, minerals, raw materials, machinery and equipment. On the other han