Finding and Contribution Essay Example for Free

Finding and Contribution EssayAccording to many studies and researches oer the past 30 years have shown there is an existence of a positive relationship amongst CSP and CFP. (Frooman, 1997) The data accumulated over the past 30 years do not support the latest contingency theory in the area of corporate social function. (Soana, 2011) Some authors argue that dandy CFP leads to good CSP because more than than profitable companies have more resources for investing in socially responsible initiatives. On the new(prenominal) hand, some others believe that Corporate Social province can determine higher financial results thanks to strategy reassessment, process improvement, and employee, customer and local community loyalty. As well as, the positive relationship between CFP and slack resources argument of CSP could not cover the weaker of the negative relationship itself.Some firms choose the solution for CSP by motivating and using bionomic but suave practice profit maximizati on in the state of premature of their companys lifecycle. For some reputation effects purpose, the commonplace and some other non-market environments whitethorn be the reason for the organization to change their long term strategies and consider those social issues to prevent bad reputation CSP disclosures. According to the article, they stated with confidence that the knowledge between CSP and lagged CFP is not negative and it seems to affect each other through a virtuous cycle likewise the financially successful companies spend more on social responsibility activities because their finance supports them. However, the meta-depth psychology decline the idea that CSP is incompatible and unnecessary with shareholder wealthiness maximization. For the effectiveness organisation may need more combination of financial and social performance.The article also mentioned that the notions of libertarians such as Friedman that government regulation in the area of CSP may not be necessary. If the analysis shows the negative relationship between CSP and CFP, bottom line decision making may create barriers to outcomes desired by the public. Meta-analysis is a statistical technique for feature the findings from independent studies.By using meta-analysis, researchers can test and identify those areas which are being related by other studies and authorize them. Furthermore, for those unexplained inconsistence from across studies remains comparatively large and needed further requirement to identify moderators which can be shown in the analysis as well. In the managerial point of view, market environments testament not punish the company if they are in highly corporate social performance.Therefore, the managers can practice social responsibility strategies. (Prasertsang Ussahawanitchakit, 2011) Corporate social responsibility strategy refers to managers awareness of public policy, social care, surrounding organization responsibility for society and natural of the environme nt both internal and external organization. Internal is wellbeing of employees, safety and supporting education whereas external is responses to the need of customers such as research and development for the high quality of product and service by cut back waste, energy consumption and the pollution that might arise from the production processes. Top managers must use CSP like a reputation level and pay more attention on other partys perceptions about their organizations. Moreover, they need to know whether they are currently under study of any market analyst, public interest group or the media. A company which highly in CSP can get extra return from receiving public endorsement from federal agencies. overall AssessmentGenerally, by using quantitative research, this article is trying to show that the prevailing trend claim that we are lack of generalizable knowledge about CSP and CFP which is reinforced on unstable base. The point objectives of this meta-analysis include providing a statistical integration of the accumulated research on the relationship between CSP and CFP. As well as, assessing the copulation predictive validity of instrumental stakeholder theory in the context of that relationship between CSP and CFP and examine several moderators, such as operationalization of CSP and CFP, and timing of CSP and CFP measurement as well. The meta-analysis was built on earlier researches by including market return measures in addition to accounting return, CSP measures other than social responsibility audits performed by Kinder, Lydenberg, Domini Co., Inc.Moreover, It responses to Waddock and Gravess call for research on the temporal consistency of results, independent of the time lag chosen between CSP and CFP. Furthermore, it integrates empirical results across diverse study contexts and enabling them to look for theoretical moderators and statistical artefacts that might explain the highly variable results across other previous studies. Author provides a methodologically stricter review than other studies in the past 30 years.The meta-analysis findings suggest that corporate virtue in the form of social responsibility such as public policy, social care, upbeat of employees, etc Firmly the performance of the corporate is affected by their managerial strategies and activities in market and non-market environments. Some firms choose the solution for CSP by motivating and using ecological but still practice profit maximization and shareholder profit maximization. Additionally, this article introduces a meta-analysis review of primary quantitative studies of the relationship between CSP and CFP. The particular objectives of this meta-analysis include providing a statistical integration of the accumulated research on the relationship between CSP and CFPBibliographyFrooman, J., 1997. Socially irresponsible and illegal behavior and shareholder wealth A meta-analysis of event studies. Business Society, Volume 36, pp. 221-249. Prasertsan g, S. Ussahawanitchakit, P., 2011. Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy, Marketing Performance and Marketing Sustainability An Empirical Investigation of ISO 14000 Businesses in Thailand. International diary of Business Strategy, Volume 11, pp. 60-72. Soana, M.-G., 2011. The Relationship Between Corporate Social Performance and Corporate Financial Performance in the Banking Sector. Online Available at http//web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=f80d931a-37b8-4dd8-a174-3d913ffdac87%40sessionmgr15vid=5hid=10 Accessed 3 July 2012.Waddock, S. A. . G. S. B., 1997. The corporate social performancefinancial performance link. Strategic Management Journal, Volume 18, p. 303319.

Hamburger and Materials Management Essay Example for Free

Hamburger and Materials Management EssayResources Ch. 12 of penetration to Business. Read the Developing Good Business common sense activity on p. 394 of the text. Answer Questions 14 from the activity in a 700- to 1,050-word paper in APA format. Post your paper as an attachment. The operations of a company consist of three stages. These stages are simple the input, the operations, and the output stages. The process of the input stage includes raw materials, components, labor and customers. The operations process involves the skills, experience, machines, and experts needed to live on the company. As far as the output stage, this involves what we physically use or experience from the company, known as the goods and services (Jones, 2007). Every company, whether it be services such(prenominal) as hair and nails, serving, or patient care, or goods being sold such as jewelry, wholesale businesses, or a corporation like ShopRite or Wal-Mart, they all experience these stages uniq uely. Each company runs experiencing input, operations, and output stages, simply each stage is handled assortedly according to what kind of business, what is being offered, and who is running it.The activities that regulate the strain of the resources between these particular stages is what we call materials management. Materials management helps operate these stages smoothly and effectively, providing necessities and organization (Jones, 2007). Lets take a look at three different businesses and how each one handles materials management and the three operational stages. The first company that is going to be observed is Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart is a company that has developed over the days into being a commonly recognized place to get everyday necessities for a great price.The process of operations for a business such as Wal-Mart is simple compared to others. The input stage focuses on what is needed for the company to run, such as, labor and employees, contact with a wholesaler, and more all while keeping the customers in mind. Wal-Mart strives to keep a friendly staff and low prices in order to keep the customers scoop out interest and loyalty. The way Wal-Mart would go round doing this is hiring qualified staff and train them to best suit the company, and forming an alliance with leave behindrs that offer products at low prices.As far as the operations of Wal-Mart, they hire the best suited people with the skills and knowledge of this type of companys operations. They are equipped with machinery and constantly updating in order to keep up with up-to-the-minute trends. With their input and operations, comes the output stage. This is where the goods and services that Wal-Mart offers is placed into the market for consumers to decide. Mentioned previously, Wal-Mart strives to meet the every need of customers providing a great shopping experience.So far, Wal-Mart is still one of the roughly victorious companies of its kind and doesnt look like anything is go ing to change that anytime soon. The second company that was observed is Burger mightiness. Burger King is a fast food restaurant business that has a isthmus of competition. The slogan, Have it Your Way, has allowed Burger King to make way for success. The operations behind this slogan is a bit more complicated. The input of Burger King consists of associations with suppliers in order to have the best quality possible for a frozen, fast food restaurant.From the supplies of burgers, to fries, milkshakes and salads, Burger King is not going to have a supplier produce outdated food or else that would be horrible materials management. The operations stage of Burger King is figuring out new ways to produce accelerated and better food and service to its customers while living up to its slogan. Doing this, Burger King would have to make sure everything is up to date and employees are equipped with the skills and knowledge to come up with new innovations to suit the needs of the company . The output stage of Burger King is providing the service fast and efficiently.Making sure that all food is sanitary and delivered quickly. The third company that was observed is St. Josephs Hospital. This is a hospital that specializes in critical care and emergencies. The operations of this hospital is crucial because it is not only service, but it holds peoples lives at stake. The input of the hospital would be having ownership of the supplies and relationships with suppliers. This way when it comes to operations stage, the best and most updated equipment is ready for use and can provide the best service possible.Between these two stages, the best and most skilled doctors, nurses, and staff are hired in order to ensure safety and health. As far as the output stage of St. Josephs Hospital, the services provided are high-quality service and safety. As we look at these companies, we can see that a lot goes into operations behind the service and goods we receive as consumers. The wa y a company designs its operating system is crucial for success. The input, operations, and output are only a part of what is contributed. It is the materials management, the flow of how things are ran that really makes or breaks the backbone of a business.The way the systems are designed result give one company an good over another. Using materials management effectively and really going into detail about research will give a company more of an benefit than another. It will help a business increase its productivity, innovation, quality, and most importantly, its responsiveness to customers. Not only does the operations come into effect when running a successful business, but costs are a big part as well. Operations and materials management costs, also known as, OMM, consist of many costs pertaining to a company.The main costs of OMM are, raw materials and components, plant, labor, inventory, and distribution (Jones, 2007). These costs affect companies operations because each cos t if part of the operating system. Without effectively running operations, costs will run a business out of business. Including costs during the operating process is a crucial way to success. This is all a part of materials management References Jones, G. R. (2007). Introduction to business How companies create value for people. New York, NY McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Ferdinand and Miranda Essay Example for Free

Ferdinand and Miranda EssayHow does Shakespeare present the encounter between Ferdinand and Miranda from lines 450-499? The encounter between Miranda and Ferdinand in lines 450-499 of The Tempest is presented using terzetto characters, Miranda, Ferdinand, and Prospero. Miranda and Ferdinand have fallen in love at first sight to Prosperos delight, though he doesnt want them to fall in love too speedily or interfere with his plans, so he lies to Miranda about Ferdinands unworthiness and then charms Ferdinand from moving. Miranda is presented as a helpless damsel distressed by the way her sustain handled this situation. If the ill spirit have so fair a house, Good things will strive to dwell witht These are Mirandas first words in these lines truism that physical beauty is a sign of proper morals and righteousness. This was an axiom during the renaissance period, hinting that she is only wise enough to state the obvious argument. After Ferdinand is charmed from moving she says, Hes gentle and not fearful. This sounding like she believes he is courageous, but more likely she is emphasizing his gentleness and compassion. These short interjections present Miranda as abortive to the entire dispute.There are only three lines of verbal exchange between Miranda and Ferdinand, My father is of a better nature, sir, Than he appears by speech. This is unwonted Which flat came from him. This shows Mirandas inexperience with men as she is almost too shy to say whateverthing at all. Ferdinand is depicted as a good-looking man, with the normal qualities that come on with loftyty such as courage, and a heroic nature. I will resist such entertainment (treatment) Till mine enemy has more power. This expresses Ferdinands royal nature, as he is accustomed to overpowering all enemies.After prospero commands his attention, accuses him of falsely bearing the title of the prince of Naples, and asks for him to obey his every word, Ferdinand says, No, as I am a man. This e xplains Ferdinand is used to getting what he wants and being adored by all and has previously given out orders rather than taken them. Finally, Ferdinand gives up arguing prospero, cleverness I but through my prison one a day Behold this maid He pledges his heart to Miranda saying that he doesnt care if he gets punished as long as he can see this girl. But both of these characters are dwarfed by Prosperos powers and wisdom.Prospero is the centre of all talk in these lines, as both of the younger characters are pleading to Prospero to let them live out their love for one another, though neither can match the sorcerers power, flummox from they ward, For I can here disarm thee with this stick And make thy weapon drop. Here is the suggestion that prospero is the mightiest of all men, as his stick can defeat any armed man. His wisdom is also expressed through the use of proverbs, What, I say, my foot my tutor? This asserts Prosperos paternal control over Miranda as well as proving th at prospero is a man of great intellect.All of Prosperos aside passages allow the audience to see through his eyes, (aside) They are both in eithers powers, but this swift moving in I must uneasy make. Here we are told that prospero, despite the fact that he is pleased with his daughters love, is planning to put Ferdinand through menial tests, possibly to reinforcement him from disturbing his plans. Seeing this passage through Prosperos eyes gives the audience a sense that he overwhelms the others in power and wisdom. Shakespeare has made Prospero the key to the presentation of this encounter.

Background and justification of affecting customers loyalty

Background and justification of affecting nodes verityIn todays competitive markets go and service companies within the same industry ar becoming increasingly similar. Differentiation through the deli very(prenominal) channel (i.e. delivery of run against payment) is difficult. A emergence number of service companies have embarked on a journey of positioning through the communication channel (i.e. advertising and private selling) (Andreassen, T. 1995), with the object glass of building crocked corporate images in nightspot to create relative attractiveness. This development is in line with Lovelock (1984) who claims that (images).. . are likely to play only a secondary section in guest choice decisions unless competing service are perceived as virtu in ally identical on performance, cost, and availability.Recent age have shown a growing interest in customer unwaveringty. The globalisation of competition, saturation of markets, and development of training technology h ave changed customer deportment and perception and created a plaza where success is no longer achieved through production price and qualities. Instead, companies build their success on a semipermanent customer consanguinity. According to former studies, it erect cost as much as 6 sentences more to win a new customer than it does to keep an existing one. (Rosenberg L. et al. 1984 45) Depending on the particular industry, it is possible to plus profit by up to 60% after reducing potentiality migration by 5%. (Reichheld F. 1993) It fol modests then, that the increase and holding of loyal customers has convey a key cipher for long-term success of the companies. The main emphasis in marketing has changed from winning new customers to the keeping of existing ones. Traditionally in that location are two approaches to treat customer loyalty. Some researchers have investigated the nature of different takes of loyalty, others have explored the check of individual factors on loya lty. In this article both(prenominal) treatments are combined. The starting point of the paper is to test whether the list of most master(prenominal) factors affecting customer loyalty is dependant on the levels of loyalty of costumers. The potential for establishing loyalty depends on the object (i.e. product or marketer), on the subject (customer) or on the environment (market, other suppliers etc.). This work might be sooner helpful for both students, interested in developing this field of research and people, who are working in the sphere of marketing, because it may countenance with interesting information worth dwelling upon. This outgoic interests me personally, because to my mind, customers are the turning point of the market. They decide whether to subvert a product or to use a service or non, changing the whole picture of market. That is why, I suppose it is rather necessary for industries to pay much attention to the topic of customers loyalty and satisfaction in evidence to be a success. Chapter 2. Statement of Objectives and Hypothesis to be Examined.This paper aims to test if the impressiveness of each factor affecting loyalty varies in different loyalty segments described in Figure 1, presenting segmentation of customers loyalty. unity possibility to investigate it is to compare the customers of different loyalty levels and examine what kind of factors influence the probability of the customers to catch ones breath on that level or to move to another loyalty level.Customer loyalty expresses an intended behavior related to the service or the company. This includes the likelihood of upcoming renewal of service contracts, how likely it is that the customer changes his preferences, how likely the customer is to provide positive word-of-m come out of the closeth opinion. If real alternatives exist or switching barriers are low management discovers the organizations inability to satisfy its customers through two feedback mechanisms exit a nd voice (Hirschman A. 1970). Exit implies that the customers stop buying the companys services while voice is customer complaints expressing the consumers dissatisfaction this instant to the company. Customers exit or change of patronage will have an impact on the long-term revenue of the company. Customers may be loyal due to heights switching barriers or lack of real alternatives. Customers may excessively be loyal because they are satisfied and thus want to continue the relationship. History has prove that most barriers to exit are limited with regard to durability companies tend to canvas customer satisfaction the only viable strategy in order to keep existing customers. Several authors have found a positive correlation between customer satisfaction and loyalty (Bearden and Teel 1980Bolton and Drew 1991 Fornell 1992 Anderson and Sullivan 1993). Based on the future discussion, the following two hypotheses are proposedHypothesis 1 Factors such as satisfaction, trustworthines s, importance of relationship and image have a positive influence on loyalty.Objective 1 To indicate any relationship between loyalty and such pshycological factors as satisfaction, importance of relationship and others.Hypothesis 2 The relevancy of factors affecting loyalty depends on the levels of loyalty of customers.Objective 2 Define and dwell upon the levels of loyalty of customers, examin them.The limitations of my hypothesis questions were shortage of time, because I had to provide results in a relatively short period of time, and money, because reliable and reliable information was hard and costly to get.Chapter 3. Details of Information/ Data Collection Methods.Research on customer loyalty has a long history and has been studied using a large variety of methods. Although the study of relationship between satisfaction and loyalty of customers is a newer field of research, various methods have been applied to study this phenomenon as well. Some studies have also been purely conceptual (Stewart 1998 Hocutt 1998).Although qualitative methods seem to dominate in studies of relationship, quantitative methods have also been use. The data used for the analysis is a secondary etymon. A secondary source usually contains commentary on or discussion close to a primary source. The most important feature of secondary sources is that they offer an interpretation of information ga on that pointd from primary sources. I did not use the primary source as it is an original material. It is from the time period involved, was not filtered through interpretation and need much time and knowledge to outgrowth it. Demographically, the study had some limitations. Firstly, only urban customers were targeted in the study. This group was chosen due to the fact that urban customers have more available alternativetives and are and so potentially more active in their telecommunication choices. Methodologically a authentic limitation of the study was that some of the interview s were conducted on the telephone. Despite the fact that the interviews were considered to provide a deep and accurate enough picture of the relationships and the factors affecting customer loyalty, it is obvious that interviews face-to-face have the potential to reach greater depth.The data used in our analysis originates from PacoNet Customer Satisfaction Survey carried out in November 2003 by maestro market research company. PacoNet is the one of the leading telecommunication provider in Ukraine and was providing telephone and internet services for private customers at that time. There were three kinds of competitors for PacoNet firms providing telephone services on PacoNet network cable-TV companies providing internet services on their own networks, and mobile telephone companies.The satisfaction survey contained information about 1000 private customers. Data was collected by phone interviews. During the survey the customers were asked how important various factors were for the m. The importance was measured on a 5-point scale, where 1 is not important at all and 5 is very important. Every factor listed above was divided into 3 to 7 subcategories (e.g. accounting had subcategories like the accuracy and understandability of bills, dept management, availability of different payment methods). Satisfaction with the factors reveals from the satisfaction with those subcategories. Additionally customers answered about their general satisfaction with the firm PacoNet. The satisfaction was also measured on a 5-point scale, where 1 is not satisfied at all and 5 is very satisfied.Customer loyalty was measured by following questions What operators are the customers using right now? What operators will the customers use in 2 years? Does the customer remember or is the customer ready to recommend PacoNet to others?Chapter 4. Details of Data Analysis MethodsIn the current analysis only the raw data of mentioned survey was used. Software packages MS Excel 2000 and Stata 9.2 have been used by PacoNet for data processing, because Microsoft Excel is a deep program rich in features and functionality. One of the most powerful features of Excel is the ability to write programs that run behind the worksheets to turn Excel into a calculation-oriented development tool for creating special purpose spreadsheets which stinker function as applications in their own right. Chapter 5. Literature ReviewThere are multiple approaches to customer loyalty. Theories of behavioral loyalty were dominating until 1970 considering loyalty as the function of the allot of total purchases (Cunningham R. 1956 Farley J. 1964), function of buying frequency or buying pattern (Tucker 1964 Sheth 1968) or function of buying probability (Harary F. et al. 1962 McConnell D. 1968 Wernerfelt B. 1991). These approaches looked at deformity loyalty in terms of outcomes rather than reasons, until Day G. (1969) introduced the two-dimensional concept of scar loyalty, which stated that loyalt y should be evaluated with both behavioral and attitudinal criteria.Contemporary researches consider and accent the mental (mostly attitudinal and emotional) factor of loyalty (Jacoby J. et al. 1973 Oliver R. 1999 Chaudury A. 1995). These different approaches allow distinguishing customers as whether behaviorally or emotionally loyal. Behaviorally loyal customers act loyal moreover have no emotional bond with the brand or the supplier when emotionally loyal customers do. Jones T. and Sasser W. call these two kind of loyalty accordingly false or true long-term loyalty (Jones T. et al. 1995). Hofmeyr J. and Rice B. (2000) divide customers to loyal (behavioral) or committed (emotional). Emotional loyalty is much stronger and longer long-lasting than behavioral loyalty. Its a lasting desire to maintain a valued relationship. The relationship is so important for the customer that he or she makes maximum stews to keep it (Reichheld F. 2003 Moorman C. et al. 1992). Highly bonded custom ers will buy repeatedly from a provider to which they are bonded, recommend that provider to others, and strongly defend these choices to others insisting that they have chosen the best product or service. (Butz H. et al. 1996) Behaviorally loyal customers could be divided to sub-segments by the reason of acting forced to be loyal, loyal due to passivity or functionally loyal. Customers are forced to be loyal when they have to be clients even if they do not want to. Customers may be forced to consume certain products or products/services offered by certain vendor e.g. when the company acts as a monopoly or the poor financial status of the customer is limiting his selection of goods. Gronholdt L. has found that companies with low price strategy had a much higher loyalty than expected from their customer satisfaction. On the other hand, companies that had used a lot of energy on stigmatisation indeed had a high customer satisfaction but they did not have a correspondingly high loyalt y (Gronholdt L. et al. 2000). Forced loyalty could be established through creating exit barriers as well. Loyal behaviour may also result from passivity customer does not move to another vendor due to comfort or relatively low importance of operation if the choice has low importance, there is no point to spend time and effort on searching for alternatives. Thus, based on his faith in the suitability of the current product, the customer continues to use it without checking alternatives. Hofmeyr J. and Rice B. (2000) say that one of the reasons that customers dont switch brands when they are dissatisfied is that they feel that the alternatives are just as bad as the brand they are using or even worse. Passivity may be caused also by lack of information about attractive characteristics of the brands (Wernerfelt B. 1991). Functionally loyal customers are loyal because they have an objective reason to be.Wernerfelt B. (1991) points out cost-based brand loyalty where brand utilities hav e a positive influence on brand choice. Functional loyalty can be created by functional set using price, quality, distribution, usage convenience of a product or through different loyalty programs (points, coupons, games, draws etc.) giving a concrete reason to prefer certain supplier. Unfortunately competitors can most easily copy functional values. Thus, creating functional value offers a fleeting competitive advantage functional loyalty careen be very long lasting (Barnes J. 2003). Jones T. and Sasser W. (1995) propose three measures of loyalty that could be used in segmentation by loyalty Customers primary behavior regency, frequency and amount of purchase Customers secondary behavior customer referrals, approval and spreading the wordCustomers intent to repurchase is the customer ready to repurchase in the future. Based on the theoretical literature presented above, the customers of a certain telecommunication provider could be segmented by their loyalty as followsCommitte d or emotionally loyal customers active customers who use only the certain providers services and declare that they will use only this provider in the future and recommend this provider to others Behaviorally loyal customers active customers who use only the certain providers services and declare that they will use only this provider in the future but do not agree to recommend this provider to others (inert or functionally loyal) Contradictory or dubious customers active customers who use only the certain providers services but dont know which provider they will use in the future Disloyal reducers- customers who have reduced or will reduce the percentage of the providers services in their usageLeavers customers who declare, that they will certainly leave this provider. The impact of satisfaction on loyalty has been the most popular subject of studies. Several studies have revealed that there exists a direct connection between satisfaction and loyalty satisfied customers become l oyal and dissatisfied customers move to another vendor (Heskett J. et al. 1993). The primary objective of creating ACSI (American Customer Satisfaction Index) in 1984 was to explain the development of customer loyalty. In ACSI model customer satisfaction has three antecedents perceived quality, perceived value and customer expectations (Anderson E. et al. 2000). In the ECSI (European Customer Satisfaction Index) model perceived quality is divided into two elements hard ware, which consists of the quality of the product or service attributes, and human ware, which represents the associated customer interactive elements in service, i.e. the personal behaviour and atmosphere of the service environment (Gronholdt L. et al. 2000). In both model increased satisfaction should increase customer loyalty. When the satisfaction is low customers have the option to exit (e.g. going to a competitor) or express their complaints. Researches have shown that 60-80% of customers who turned to a compe titor give tongue to they were satisfied or very satisfied on the survey just prior to their defection (Reichheld F. et al. 2000). So its clear that there must be also other factors beside satisfaction that have a certain impact on customer loyalty. Image of brand or supplier is one of the most colonial factors. It affects loyalty at least in two ways. Firstly, customer may use his preferences to present his own image. That may occur both in informed and subconscious level. According to the Belks theory of extended self, people define themselves by the possessions they have, manage or create (Belk R. 1988). Aaker J. has shown how consumers prefer brands with record traits that are corresponding with the personality traits that constitute their selfschemas (Aaker J. 1999). Kim C., Han D. and Park S. have researched the link between brand personality and loyalty. They did get positive support to hypothesis that the attractiveness of the brand personality indirectly affects brand loyalty (Kim C. et al. 2001). Tidwell P. and Horgan D. (1993) have showed that people use products to enhance self-image. Secondly, according to social identity theory, people tend to classify themselves into different social categories. That leads to valuation of objectives and values in various groups and organisations in comparison with the customers own values and objectives. They prefer partners who share similar objectives and values (Ashforth B. et al. 2001). Fournier S. (1998) states that consumer-brand relationships are more a egress of perceived goal compatibility. Brands cohere into systems that consumers create not only to aid living but also to give meanings to their lives. Oliver R. (1999) argues that for fully bonded loyalty the consumable must be part of the consumers self-identity and his or her social-identity.Trustworthiness of the partner is a factor that has certain impact on the mental home of loyalty nobody expects a long-term relation with a partner that cannot be trusted. Trustworthiness is one criterion for measuring the value of the partner (Doney P. et al. 1997). Spekman R. (1988) calls trust a cornerstone of the strategic partnership. Morgan R. and draw S. (1994) posit that trust is a major determinant of relationship commitment brand trust leads to brand loyalty because trust creates exchange relationships that are highly valued. Chauduri A. and Holbrook M. (2001) have showed that brand trust is directly related to both purchase and attitudinal loyalty. Many authors have accented that trust is important in conditions of uncertainty (Moorman C. et al. 1992 Doney P. et al. 1997 Morgan R. et al. 1994). incertitude may be caused by dependence or large choice people tend then to prefer popular or familiar brands or partners. Many definitions describe loyalty as a desire to retain a valuable or important relationship (Morgan R. et al 1994 Moorman C. et al. 1992). That way the establishment of loyalty is predetermined by the import ance of relevant relationship or selection. Weiss A. (2001) points out three aspects that may increase the importance of the relationship strategic importance of a product high risks involved in the transaction or costs incurred by cancellation of contracts. Hofmeyr J. and Rice B. point out that the more important the relationship is to a person, the more willing that person is to tolerate dissatisfaction in favour of trying to fix it. By contrast, when a relationship doesnt matter, then even the utterly satisfied consumer can switch on to another product (Hofmeyr J. et al. 2000). A relationship can also be made important by personal approach. Various authors have compared loyalty with marriage (Lewitt T. . 1983 Dwyer F. et al. 1987 Gummeson E. 1998 Hofmeyr J. et al. 2000). Marriage is one of the most personal and important relationships. That means that intimacy is one determinant for importance of relationship. Lewitt T. (1983) has considered a role of salesman in making relation ship more personal. Summarising the discussion above following figure is presenting the major groups of factors affecting customer loyalty.The present study cerebrate purely on customer perception of the relationship and the factors that have affected it and their loyalty or disloyalty. A useful extension of the study would be to gallus such a study of how the service provider perceives the relationship and factors affecting customer loyalty or disloyalty. This would add factors such as customer favorableness to the study, making it possible to focus on factors affecting customers that are most attractive to the company. In such a study, the customers and providers views on the relationship would be combined. As a result, one would identify potential gaps in the companys knowledge of the customer and also be able to eliminate potential misconceptions.Chapter 6.Chapter Outline.Presented work is built up of 8 chapters, dwelling upon the customers loyalty. Each chapter gives clear i nformation on subtopics, which are logically combined to provide the reader with sufficient facts to understand the flow of the research.The prototypal chapter is dealing with the background and justification for selection of the topic. Since customer loyalty is something more of what an enterprise must get from the customer, it is a very productive research product for the companies. As opposed to what the name suggests, is not just something that the customer has to build towards the enterprise. It is not just the customer who is being loyal to the company in the hand but also the company that has to maintain its loyalty to the customerThe second chapter presents the hypothesis questions, which are being examined through the whole work. I come out with two hypothesis, which are as follows Hypothesis 1 Factors such as satisfaction, trustworthiness, importance of relationship and image have a positive influence on loyalty and Hypothesis 2 The relevance of factors affecting loyalty depends on the levels of loyalty of customers.The third and forth chapters puts light on the research methodology I have used to process the data and come to conclusions. I took into consideration secondary data, which originates from PacoNet Customer Satisfaction Survey carried out in November 2003 by professional market research company. Two software packages MS Excel 2000 and Stata 9.2 have been used for data processing and presenting the results of the research. In this chapter I also dwell upon the limitations of the research, which consists of time limitation, budget limitation, as well as demographical and methodological.The fifth chapter gives perception of the theory used for the thesis. It informs us, that theories of behavioral loyalty were dominating until 1970 considering loyalty as the function of the share of total purchases (Cunningham R. 1956 Farley J. 1964), function of buying frequency or buying pattern (Tucker W. 1964) or function of buying probability (Harary F . et al. 1962). Contemporary researches consider and accent the psychological (mostly attitudinal and emotional) factor of loyalty (Jacoby J. et al. 1973 Oliver R. 1999 Chaudury A. 1995). These and other researches were used as a base for my own research proposal. And the last, sixth chapter provides with a brief outline of the research proposal stages.Having developed the hypothesis questions, and done a literature review we come to the conclusion that the findings of the present study reveal that it is not accurate to treat all customers equally in terms of methods of increasing their loyalty. The research supports the research proposition that the list of most important factors affecting loyalty is dependant on the level of loyalty of consumers. The overall satisfaction and importance of products build the foundation of any kind of loyalty. It shows also that reliability of products or trustworthiness of the supplier is most critical for behavioral loyalists and the image creat ion is the main tool for getting loyal customers. Therefore many factors were derived indirectly and with certain limitations, and they may lack some qualities considered in the theoretical part. There are multiple ways for further development of the model, but first there is need to elaborate reliable questionnaires for collecting the source data. There are several factors for building a customers loyalty which I could recommend. It is very important to communicate. Whether it is an email newsletter, monthly flier, a reminder card for a tune up, or a holiday greeting card, it is nice to reach out to a steady customers. Another pleasant way is to provide customer service, to go the extra distance and meet customer needs, because customers remember being treated well. It is also very important to provide with employee loyalty. Loyalty works from the top down. If a boss is loyal to his employees, they will feel positively about their jobs and pass that loyalty along to the customers. Employee training should also be used, training them in the manner that to interact with customers. It is also of great advice to give customers a reason to return to the industrys business. For example, because children outgrow shoes quickly, the owner of a childrens shoe store might offer a card that makes the tenth pair of shoes half price. Likewise, a dentist may give a free cleaning to anyone who has seen him regularly for five years. It is also important to have products awareness, knowing what a steady customer purchase and keep these items in stock. It is possible to add other products and/or services that accompany or compliment the products that regular customers buy regularly.The reliability of the vendor is highly appreciated. If they say a purchase will arrive on Wednesday, they should deliver it on Wednesday. If something goes wrong, they should let customers know immediately and compensate them for their inconvenience. Vendors should be flexible, trying to solve cust omers problems or complaints to the best of their ability.

The issues faced by red tape shoes

The issues faced by red tape officeAs I am the customer of RED tape recording shoe and seen its globalization in a very short period quantify and in any case need with and through with(p) corporal social responsibility in many ara . In a limited period of time increased its orthogonal investment .so this is a the issues why i have taken mirza tanner as my topic.Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh was originally incorporated as a Private Limited high society under the Companies Act, 1956 on 5th Sep., 1979 under the name and style of Mirza Tanners Pvt. Ltd. The follow became a Deemed Public Limited Company from 1st July, 1993 and changeed into a Public Limited Company.The Company has been promoted by Mr. Irshad Mirza and Mr. Rashid Ahmad Mirza. Mr. Irshad Mirza is having more than 40 course of studys of experience in the manufacturing and merchandising of slash Products. The Tannery Unit of the Company was set up in 1981 which has been gradually modernised and expanded to the presen t capacity to produce 50.00 lac sq. ft. of high flavour Finished Leather. This conforms to the specifications approved by the Government of India perishn under the export Control Order, 1991. In the year 1988, the Company diversified into manufacturing of 2.25 lac pairs of Shoe Uppers per annum by setting up an integrated unit at Juhi, Kanpur which was increased to its present capacity of 4.50 lacs pairs of Shoe uppers.Subsequently, the Company established a complete shoe factory in the year 1990 at Magar fighta, Unnao for manufacture of 2.25 lac pairs of Shoes per annum which was increased to its present capacity of 4.50 lacs pairs of Shoes during 1992-93. The object of the Company behind setting up these factories was mainly for catering to the quality conscious export markets of United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Portugal and besides to Australia. (DION GLOBAL SOLUTIONS LTD)VISIONWe want to deliver the goods and embrace the world wide leaders position by sticking to our middl e care fors. We want to reach an altius and extend it to horizons.Our vision is put into action through programs and a focus on craftmenship, activities to benefit society, and a commitment to build shareholder rate by making Shoemac Leather Tech Engineers a genuinely sustainable company.MISSIONTo keepresearching developing tech savvy machines, tannery mechanismand other comp matchlessnts to optimize the production and minimize the cost. We love to satisfy our global clients with our core values customized solutions, excellent quality, reasonable price, punctual delivery and sincere service.AIM The main objective of setting up this company was to enable the Indian persistence to overcome hardship faced while importing shoe machinery so that within the country itself, the indigenous machinery and components could be Easily developed with a attend to optimize the cost and economize the operations and by the setting up of this company we have bring our country out of inferiority complex. Further, the valuable foreign exchange forget be saved as the machines are locally getable.GLOBALIZATIONAs people do not resembling to experiment as well much with their skin same is the case with footwear. When choosing footwear the one thing that is just about strategic is comfort. Although with the changing trends peoples perception about footwear is also changing but one thing that does not change is the comfort level provided by a particular mug of shoe.Shoes were never a repress of major concern for the common middle class Indian till recently. Due to the emerging formulate trends in India over the last few decades shoes have become an integral part of a persons overall appearance. Nowadays there are shoes meant for different occasions. The two most famous categories of shoes are formal and sports shoes. The sports shoes market in India is also very big considering the large population of youth in the country. The top sports shoe gulls in India are Reebok, Nike and Adidas. These top shoe brands in India are all international brands but have over the years captured the Indian market tremendously. They have penetrated in almost all the Indian cities and towns.The footwear industry in India has also witnessed a significant growth over the last few years. Due to the increase levels of consciousness about Indians regarding the way they look due to this the clothes and footwear market in India has been on a roll since the last ten years.India is one of the major global shoe manufacturers and is responsible for churning out almost 1736 million pairs of shoes annually. India is said to be the second largest shoe manufacturers only after chinaware. One of the major reasons for booming footwear industry in India is the availability of cheap labour and abundant raw materials. India is also one of the biggest good quality welt exporters in the world. Since shoes are not bought everyday the one thing that is most important while purchasing shoe s is its quality. People today are mixing comfort with the emerging fashion trend. A shoe along with being comfortable also has to be visually appealing. Some of the vertex Shoe Brands in India are ruddy Tape, Florsheim, Gabor, Salamander, Clarks, and St. Micheals. These top shoe brands in India are k this instantn for their durability, superior balance and grip and enormous collections of stylish shoes for both men and women. They are also identify out of the finest of flog and are also priced moderately. violent Tape which is currently the Top Shoe Brands in India is a hot favourite among the men of the count Known for its unparalleled comfort, international styles and finesse, Red Tape the flagship brand of Mirza International Limited, was launched in the year 1996. The brand has today become synonymous with hi-fashion lifestyle, owing to its unmatched quality, skilled craftsmanship and trendy products. Endorsed by the style icon Salman Khan, Red Tapehas become Indias most loved premium lifestyle brand. (Business maps .India(12/02/2010)Red Tape Fashion for Your FeetRed Tape has emerged as a leader in the high-end fashion footwear segment. The Red Tape footwear range is designed in company-owned design studios in the UK and Italy and manufactured using international quality materials from European countries. Having become Indias favourite mens footwear, the brand has now diversified into Womens footwear.Redtape-FashionforYouRed Tape has recently forayed into the apparel sector and unveiled mens clothing and accessories line up. This new range offers an eclectic mix of unremarkable wear including shirts, jackets, denims, tees, pants/shorts and accessories such as belts, socks and wallets.Red Tape- Fashion for the WorldRed Tape is an international brand, present across the US, UK, France, Germany, West Asia and in the south Africa. The Red Tape products are being sold globally through the companys extensive global distribution channel.Red Tape Fash ion that is Truly orbicularThe Red Tape range of shoes, apparel accessories reflect the latest fashion tends across the globe. These are designed in company-owned design studios in the UK and Italy and manufactured using international quality materials from European countries, in order to produce a truly global product.Red Tape Fashion in Your ReachRed Tape products are available across India through multiple brand outlets, chain stores and pocket Red Tape showrooms. Its countrywide network of exclusive showrooms spans 30 cities in India. (MIRZA INTERNATIONAL LTD, 2007)KEY DRIVER OF GLOBALIZATIONWith an eye on the potential of the sector, the Indian Government has placed an emphasis on the utilization of the available raw materials to maximize returns. It has introduced a number ofinitiatives, with the special emphasis on integrated developmentof the tanning sector.These includes raw material augmentation, technology upgrade, and promotion ofenvironmental sightlyer processing o ptions, quality standardization andhuman skills development .To encourage training of unorganized artisan workers, the Government has given support to well equip training institutions to encourage training programmes to be given jointly with reputed foreign enterprises and experts the various measures taken by the administration are as follows-De-licensing of integrated tanneries that convert raw hides and skins into finished leather.Several leather goods have been de-reserved from the small Scale Sector. destitute import of raw hides skins, semi-finished andfinished leather.Concessional duty onimported machinery and chemicals.Free export of rawhides skins, semi-finished andfinished leather and leather products.Policies to facilitate modernization / up gradation In June 2005 the governmentinitiated a Rs. 2788.45million (50.82Million Euros) modernizing object called the Integrated Leather Development Programme, whereby all leather tanning and productunits will be eligible for m odernization assistance. The assistance will be to theextent of 30% of construe cost for Small scale industry (SSI) units and 20% for non-SSI units. Establishment of design centres at individual manufacturing units, tofacilitate rectifyment in design capabilities Under this scheme, 25% of the project cost is provided to the units under the market access initiative scheme of the Ministry Of business and Industry.The regulatory body for thisindustry isCouncil for Leather Exports (CLE)The Council for Leather Exports was set up in July 1984. A non-profit company registered underthe Indian Companies Act, 1956, the Council functions under the Ministry of Commerce, Government of India. The Council is entrusted with export promotion activities and overall development of the Indianleather industry. The Councils activities also include promoting Foreign Direct Investments and Joint Ventures in the Indian leather industry. The CLE serves as a bridge between Indian leather exporters and buyers all over theworld. Council for Leather. (WWW.FIBRE2 FASHION.COM)CSRWelfare of the neighbouring communitiesResettlement of War VictimsDonations to Prime Ministers Relief Fund are made through district administration from time to timeFlag Day, on every Dec 7th, is celebrated by extending generous financial contribution to the Armed Forces Welfare Fund.Ex-Servicemen are offered resettlement opportunities. Till now around 200 ex-service personnel have been offered job opportunities in the factories and other locations as regular employees or as security personnel.Army Wives Welfare connectedness is helped through generous donations, distribution of sewing machines and their felicitation at various occasions.Financial aid provided to meet the vocational training needs of war widows and Kargil war victims.Resettlement of War VictimsBlankets are distributed to the poor during extreme winter conditionsTemporary shelter is extended to the needy, poor and those displaced due to natural cal amities.Financial assistance is offered regularly to Kusht Niyanthran and NinmoolanCentre at 11,KnowledgePark, Greater Noida.Blood Donation Camp was organized at the unit premises, where employees and the coachs donated blood for noble cause.Environmental PreservationEnvironmental circumspection System has been implemented in the factory and awareness towards environmental protection is spread to the locals. The unit has been certified as ISO 140012004Encouraged and promoted Ganga Cleaning Abhyas to ensure clean drinking water and to reduce pollution.Pioneer in setting up an in-house Effluent Treatment Plant at the Tannery.World Environment Day vanguard Mahotsav observed every year and workers and management jointly plant trees at various locations.All DG sets have been replaced with Eco-friendly ones. All vehicles are being replaced with CNG vehicles in a phased manner.Corporate Social Responsibility( Annual Report 2007-08)The Company also attempted to leave a mark as a social ly responsible corporate citizen, by taking all meaningful measures to enrich the environment and the people all around, especially the backward and economically weaker sections of the society.The Company is fully aware of its responsibilities towards areas like Human Rights, Business Ethics, Corporate Contributions, Environmental Policies, Community Development and Work Place issues. (WWW.MIRZA. CO.IN/ IN CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY, 2008)COPORATE GOVERNANCEYour company is connected to good governance practices that create long term sustainable shareholder value. Keeping in view of the Companys size, global operations and corporate traditions, the board of askor lays strong emphasis on transparency, accountability and integrity. A separate report on Corporate Governance together with a certificate from Statutory Auditors positivist compliance with corporate governance requirement as stipulated in Clause 49 of the listing agreement with the stock exchange has been annexed as part o f this report. caution DISCUSSION AND ANALYSISIndustry Structure and DevelopmentLeather Industry in India has come a long way over the last four-spot decades. From a resource based industry supplying abundant Indian raw hides in semi-finished and finished state, it is now a major supplier of value added finished goods like footwear, bags travel accessories, harness saddlery and fashion accessories like belts and wallets. From the status of exporter of raw hides semi-finished leather, the country has now turned into a major importer of these goods. With a high employment potential leather industry has always been on the priority list of government. Planning. The present Government has placed the development of this industry on a yet higher(prenominal) priority and has formulated a scheme of setting up leather parks across the country. The industry, therefore, will witness deepen growth over the coming years. The export of leather and leather products for the first nine calendar months of 2007-08 i.e. April-December 2007 touched US$ 2485.58 million a g a i n s t t h e p e r fo r ma n c e o f US $ 2258 .81 million in t h e corresponding period of last year, registering a positive growth of 10.4% in Dollar terms. In rupee terms the export touched Rs. 100435.54 million against the previous year performance of Rs. 103021.12 million showing a decline of 2.51%. Export of footwear (leather, footwear components non leather footwear) has increased from US$ 871.92 million in April-December, 2006 to US$ 1023.31 million in April-December, 2007, registering a growth of 17.36%.Opportunities, Threats, essays ConcernsThe pressure on China to strengthen its currency presents a historical opportunity to all Indian exporters who face stiff competition from cheap Chinese products. Your company is no exception. It expects a sustained growth of demand for its products from global customers in the forthcoming years.Global hardening of crude crude oil price has led to a sharp escalation in cost of several raw materials. Oil prices in India were held back by the Government but will rise sharply in prospective. This would have involve on cost of power and fuel, inland transportation, air and sea freight and also an all round increase in costs in the economy. This will pose fresh gainsays for your company. A high degree of volatility has characterized the currency markets throughout the last year and the same is expected to continue in future. such sharp volatility brings along with it, a high degree of uncertainty. In such a scenario, currency risk management is another major challenge before the company.OutlookDespite the above challenges the outlook for your company is bright with surging demand for its products. Increased capacities will bring economies of scale. The increase in oil prices has weakened the Indian rupee and the company will be a beneficiary of the same.Segment-wise PerformanceThe companys business segment is primarily Shoe Division a nd Tannery Division. During the year under review, the Shoe Division revenue was Rs. 283.35 Crores and Tannery Division revenue was Rs. 97.30 Crores.Internal Control System and their AdequacyThe Company has a well established fabric of internal controls in operation, including suitable monitoring procedures and self assessment exercises. An independent Internal Audit function reviews the Companys financial and operating controls at various locations.The companys Risk counseling frame work ensures compliance with the provisions of Clause 49 of the Listing Agreement. Senior Management has ownership of key risks, their management and mitigation plans. The Board, through the Audit Committee, headed by a non-executive independent director, reviews the key risks, the internal control framework and the audit findings.Discussions of financial were almost at the same level as last year. However, profitability of the company has suffered due to increase in cost of all major input items, inc rease in interest rates, lower value realization on account of stronger rupee. Management is continuously honing competencies to improve the range and designs of our product by making substantial investments for scaling up the capacities to achieve higher profitability. Human Resources Human Resources forms an integral part of your Companys strategy for growth. On the Industrial Relations front, your company continued to enjoy a cordially and harmonious dealings with its employees and Unions. Your company had a staff strength of 1860 employees as on 31st March, 2008.Your company is a blue chip footwear company, certified for ISO-90012000 (Quality Management System), ISO-140012004 (Environmental Management System) and SA-80002001 (Social Accountability Management System), equipped with Labs accredited SATRA Technology Centre (UK) and accorded Associate Membership by Foot Wear Design Development Institute (Ministry of Commerce Industry, Government of India).Corporate Social Respons ibilityYour Company also attempted to leave a mark as a socially responsible corporate citizen, by taking all meaningful measures to enrich the environment and the people all around, speciallythe backward and economically weaker sections of the society. Your Company is fully aware of its responsibilities towards areas like Human Rights, Business Ethics, Corporate contributions, Environmental Policies, Community Development and Work Place issues.MIRZA INTERNATIONALVALUESHigh-end, fully integrated rather shoe manufacturing facilities crack considerable cost advantage and international quality. Its Competitive advantage owing to companys established premium brands and knowledge of Indian consumers. Its a growing network of exclusive company-owned and franchised stores for selling companys products. Superior technological capabilities backed by a pool of highly skilled designers and extensive distribution network.SWOTStrengthsHigh Growth lay out availability of highly skilled and chea p manpowerLarge raw material basePolicy initiatives taken by the GovernmentCapability to receive new technologies and handle large projectsContinuous emphasis on product development and design up gradationWeaknessesLack of warehousing support from the governmentInternational price fluctuationHuge labour force resulting in high labour chargesLack of strong presence in the global fashion marketUnawareness of international standards by many playersOpportunitiesRising potential in the domestic marketGrowing fashion consciousness globally aim of information technology and decision support software to help eliminate the length of the production cycle for different productsUse of e-commerce in direct marketingThreatsMajor part of the industry is unorganisedLimited scope for mobilising funds through private placements and public issues (many businesses are family-owned)Difficulty in obtaining bank loans resulting in high cost of private borrowingStricter international standardsHigh competi tion from East European countries and other Asian countries. Lack of communication facilities and skillsPESTEL ANALYSIS policy-makingHome market lobbying/pressure groupsVery few sporting events apart from taking stars like SALMAN KHAN, to attract customers.Economica. Marginal share of 2.44 percent in global trade worth US$ 97.606 billion.b. Estimated target of 12 bn $ (7bn $ export + 5 bn $ domestic) trade by the year 2012 overseas economies and trends.c. The Indian footwear retail market is expected to grow at a CAGR of over 20% for the period spanning from 2008 to 2011. Footwear is expected to comprise about 60% of the total leather exports by 2011 from over 38% in 2006-07.d. Growing middle class and growing buyer power leading customers to look for branded shoes.e. Seasonality issues sports is more of a rage in summers.f. Lack of targeting of market segments for kids and women.SocialLifestyle trends upward shift demographicsConsumer attitudes and opinions changing favourably to wards branded shoesMedia viewsConsumer buying patterns fashion and social function modelsbuying access and trends advertising and publicityTechnologicalCompeting technology developmentIndia offers benefits like low cost of production, abundant raw material, and a huge function marketResearch funding in design and requirementsManufacturing maturity and capacityInformation and communicationsConsumer buying mechanisms/technologyInnovation potential technology access, licensing, patentsFDI (foreign direct investment)Red tape affecting FDI New Delhi an investor unfriendly regulatory framework and high levels of red tape have been identified as the major roadblocks in the path of FDI inflows into India, according to a study. and its no wonder that only 40 per cent of the total $74.29 billion FDI approved for the country has made its way to the execution of instrument stage. in comparison, china attracts over $40 billion FDI per annum, while a majority of the 385 multinational firms feel that India is a robust market with huge potential, convey to more profitable operations here than elsewhere, the regulatory frameworks and ground-level hassles act as the biggest disadvantages, according to the FICCI FDI survey 2002. Further, the unfriendly tax regime, labour laws and procedural delays in project implementation were the other factors hampering FDI inflow but India now seems determined to change it all. an inter ministerial citizens committee is likely to submit its report next month suggesting measures to simplify multiple clearances and revamping the structure of to boost Fdi. the committee, chaired by the industry secretary v Govindrajan, is examining all existing procedures for investment approvals and implementation of projects, official sources said the committee would suggest measures to simplify and expedite the process for both public and private investment. The main objective would be to hasten the process of clearance as also to improve the quality of t he FDI. meanwhile, 57 per cent of the participants in FICCIS survey dubbed India as a bad investment destination when compared to other global counterparts. over 70 per cent of the companies cited political stability as a critical factor for inviting fdi in future. while manpower was not a concern for overseas firms, 76 per cent of the respondents felt that ground level hassles need to be improved for luring foreign investors ( time OF INDIA. INDIA TIME).Infrastructure, red tape bottlenecks to FDI FICCI surveyWith India emerging as a prefer destination, foreign investors have shown strong concern over the state of infrastructure facilities and procedural delays in the country. According to the FICCI FDI Survey 2010, nearly 70% of firms have rated efforts made by the government for providing standardised investment information and proactive marketing of to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) as average.While 86% of the respondents have expressed dissatisfaction with regard to qu ality and quantity of power made available to them, about 75% have rated the quality of roads and highways in the country as bad and 68% have complained about availability of water for their operations, the survey said Overall, FDI inflows to the developing world continues to Overwhelmingly concentrated in middle-income countries, with Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC) wholly absorbing about half, the report said. (HT CORRESPONDENT HINDUSTAN TIMES, NEW DELHI, 12TH DEC 2012)REFLECTIONAs I am a customer of RED TAPE SO , learnt lot from the company about the globalization its factor and main issue that have raise the company to its peak point and I am very much influenced by the CSR activities that company has done in the past to adequate its preference in the country in the field of leather as many industry follows its quality of opportunities and strength to overcome other company in their sector ,this company have many positive trend for the future prospect in the global worl d.Top most management of RED TAPE is dealing the company in a positive way and make customer and employee feel happy .It also done social programme for the welfare of war victim by providing all the thing that is required by them.There are some good and bad cheek of all the process .so, red tape also have some badaspect but the well establish company fluently and smoothly over come the problem and by the correct corporate governance of governing body.At last i am very much influence by the dealing manner of the top management, CSR activities, strength and opportunities that combines to make a Company to give its best in every sector and make a company to reach its peak point.CONCLUSIONThe small firms have very limited financial capability to introduce environmentally friendly technologies and production methods.The technology used by Indian leather firms is, by and large, outdated and inefficient. Their environmental performance is poor. They do not use environmentally friendly tec hnologies and produce large amounts of effluent with a high load of pollutant. They also have limited capacity to dole out effluent, and in many cases these facilities are not effective.Our case studies of tanneries of RED TAPE areas indicate that show that the keep upion of new technology by firms has three important motives. These are a) a need to meet the environmental standards in the importing countries b) a need to comply with the environmental regulations in India and a need to improve productivity c) The efficient use of raw materials, water, chemicals and power all of which will have positive environmental impact) has not been an important objective of technical change.We also find that strict enforcement of environmental regulations and the availability of financial support at concessional terms are considered by the firms to be important factors which will motivate them to adopt environmentally friendly production methods.Finally, it is unlikely that Indian firms will b e able to create a niche in the international market by exporting leather produced through environmentally friendly production processes in the near future. As shown by the study, the processes used by most Indian exporters are not environmentally friendly. Furthermore, they are not in a position to acquire eco labeling, as most of them do not receive consent from the contaminant Board. We feel that the strict enforcement of environmental regulations and the provision of financial support meant especially for the adoption of environmentally friendly technologies are essential if firms are to be do to adopt PEST and improve their environmental performance. It is only when these steps are taken that Indian firms will have a realistic chance of emerging as an important exporter of leather goods produced with environmentally friendly production methods.REFERENCES(n.d.). Retrieved from WWW.FIBRE2 FASHION.COM.(2008). Retrieved from WWW.MIRZA. CO.IN/ IN CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY.DION GLOB AL SOLUTIONS LTD. (n.d.).HT CORRESPONDENT HINDUSTAN TIMES, NEW DELHI. (12TH DEC 2012).MIRZA INTERNATIONAL. (28TH FEB 2007). ECONOMIC TIMES . INDIA TIMES .COM.MIRZA INTERNATIONAL LTD. (2007).TIMES OF INDIA. INDIA TIME. (n.d.).

Teaching English In Kindergarten Education Essay

Teaching English In Kindergarten Education EssayIf piety is to take root in any mans heart, it must be engrafted while he is still young if we wish any to be virtuous we must train him in early y issueh if we wish him to exact great progress in the persuit of wisdom , we must direct his faculties towards it in infancy, when desire burns , when taught is swift and when memory is tenacious.The process of education is one of the to the highest degree grand and complex of all human endeavors. A popular notion is that education is carried out by one person, a teacher, standing in preceding of the class and transmitting information to a group of learners who atomic number 18 leave behinding to absorb it. This view simplifies what is a highly complex process involving an intricate interplay amidst the learnedness process itself, the teachers intentions and actions, the individual personalities of the learners, their background, etc.This research paper aims to come by dint of a c oherent psychological frame school that will tending lyric teachers to make connections between the process of larn and the make of decision in the classroom of kindergarten. In order to do so, it is necessary to adopt a particular approach to psychology which will be helpful at the moment of statement English to nipperren.The infantile education across the years has been extending this written report of action to children. For the 4 and 5-year-old children, kindergarten has turned into an ideal atomic number 18a where to sh ar the game and the education with other children. The progresses reached in the skills and skills motorboats focus their bearing.English learning in kindergarten has mystify a phenomenon to education. The most standing points be the capacities to learn a untried langu develop rapidly. Children utilize different types of mental resources to incorporate bare-asss programs and meanings. They do interpretations of the listened and spy around them an d this relation is notable with the new language. As a consequence, children increase their attention and their autonomy increase as well. Another essential aspect at this level is listening skill considered as essential to encourage the retention of information and actions which they consider to be childrens own childhood.Teaching English to children who nourish not yet reached a first base grade age presents challenges which whitethorn not be so noticeable at first. It is the young children who exhibit rapaciousness and aptitude for assimilating English which definitely diminishes with age. In light of this, there are several facets to bear in mind which will make teaching this special age bracket all the more rewarding.Very young children may often not grasp that teacher does not understand what they are saying, and may be very puzzled that neither git they make this strange adult comprehend their chatter, nor make head or tail of what is organism directed at them. , but th eir willingness to please and expressive body language easily makes up for any frustrations. Incorporating several key themes into every lesson plan will maximize learning and enjoyment potential for all.Meeting the language development motifs of such culturally and linguistically diverse students is challenging for teachers. A supportive, student-centered milieu will assist the language development of all students. Such an environment, which values and accepts students languages, cultures and construes as the foundation for instruction, will support and nurture each students language encyclopaedism and development. Teachers who are aware of students sociolinguistic backgrounds can assess individual linguistic competence and assist students in developing English abilities in familiar and non-threatening contexts. Students are more likely to experiment with language and take risks during independent and collaborative language activities if they perceive their languages, cultures and experiences as significant, and if they recognize that their peers and teachers share this perception.It is important to say that teachers take up not been trained to teach English in kindergarten. However, Kindergarten and elementary cultivate teachers play a vital portion in the development of children. What children learn and experience during their early years can shape their views of themselves and the valet de chambre and can affect their later success or failure in school, work, and their personal lives. Kindergarten and elementary school teachers introduce children to mathematics, language, science, and social studies. They use games, music, artwork, films, books, computers, and other tools to teach basic skills.Teachers play an important role in fostering the intellectual and social development of children during their moldable years. The education that students acquire is key to determining the future of those students. Whether in elementary or high schools or in private or public schools, teachers provide the tools and the environment for their students to develop into responsible adults.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMThe importance of teaching English in kindergarten as well as the importance of teachers roleThe central point of this research is to assess the significance of teaching English in Kindergarten due to the fact that teachers have not been trained to deal in this level nor the use of methodologies in the process of learning. Also, it aims to take consideration the teachers work.OBJECTIVESThe goal of this study isTo understand how children acquire a second languageTo appreciate English teachers roleTo describe the methodologies to teach in kindergarten.To appreciate the importance of teaching English to children for future levels.SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS STUDYThis research is about how a new language is learned in kindergarten. I believe that this information about findings and theoretical views in second language acquisition can make a dampen judge and proponents of various language teaching methods. Such information can help to evaluate moment to moment of reflections about our children in kindergarten and teachers teaching a second language in this level. Also this work focuses in knowing the device characteristics of the 4 and 5-year-old children of age during the process of learning. How incredibly is seeing children to manage to be oriented and to be located without having problems with what it concerns the language.HYPOTHESISTeaching English in kindergarten is possible to fail because ofLack of teaching training in kindergartenLack of methods and resources to teach in kindergartenChapter IIBACKGROUNDTeaching English in kindergarten must be as motivating as possible. Teachers should work with children taking into account their autonomy, curiosity, their capacity, and their willingness to do, say, listen, everything at the alike time. The classes must take place in an environment full of motivation for child ren to acquire confidence in themselves.It is through play that much of childrens early learning is achieved. The physical, socio-emotional and intellectual development of children is dependent upon activity. Therefore, opportunity for play is a key aspect of the Kindergarten program. The program builds on, sooner than detracts from, this natural approach to learning. Through touching, manipulating, exploring and testing, children find out about the world around them. Through interacting with other children and adults, they find out about themselves and their relationship to others. Through play, children imitate adults and experiment with what it means to be a caregiver, a fisher, a firefighter, a doctor and so on. Through play, they learn how to solve problems and work cooperatively with others.The features of the room of role playacting area opened and supportive environment for learningmaterials and equipment designed to provide for multi-level and multi-content experiencesinst ruction based on the individual needs of each childan integration of paths of learning with understandings to be developeda total learning environment which provides for alternate ways of learning play, games, sensory education, concrete manipulation and physical participation ferocity on language development.For the purpose of this study it is necessary to mention important authors as guidesAge of acquisitionWe now turn to a learner characteristic of a different type age. This is a characteristic which is easier to define and measure than personality, aptitude or motivation. Nevertheless, the relationship between a learners age and his or her potential for success in second language acquisition is the subject of much lively debate.Chomsky makes a distinction between acquisition and learning explaining that It has been widely observe that children from immigrate families so fartually speak the language of their new community with native-like fluency. Their parents rarely achieve s uch high levels of mastery of the new language. grown second language learners may become very capable of communicating successfully in the language, but there will always be differences of accent, word choice or grammatical features which set them apart from native speakers who began learning the language while they were very young.One explanation is that as in first language acquisition there is a critical period for second language acquisition, the CRITICAL PERIOD HYPOTHESIS suggests that there is a time in human development when the brain is predisposed for success in language learning. Language learning which get along after the end of the critical period may not be based on the innate structures believed to contribute to first language acquisition in early childhood. Rather, older learners depend on more general learning abilities.According to Chomsky, learning take place in a formal environment where the learner depends on the teachers and learns form him/her.Another import ant author is Piaget who claimed that individuals are actively involved right from birth in constructing personal meaning, their own personal understanding, from their experiences. In other words, everyone makes their own sense of the world and the experiences around them.Piaget himself was mainly interested in the way in which people came to know things as they developed from infancy to adulthood. Thus, his theory is one which is action based, more concerned with the process of learning.Piagets theory is based in learners passing through a series of stagesSensori-motor stage for the young infant, the most important way of exploring the environment is considered by Piaget to be through the basic senses.Intuitive or pre-operational stage between the ages of 2 and 7. This is when the childs thoughts become more tensile and when memory and imagination begin to play a part.Concrete operational stage between the age of 7 and the formal operational stage.Piagets arranged do have a messa ge for the language teacher. When teaching young learners, we should not expect them to have reached the stage of abstract reasoning nd hence should not expect them to apply this to sorting out the rules of the language. It is more important to provide experiences in the target language which are related o aspects of the childs own world.An original thinker in his own right, Bruner extended aspects of Piagetian theory to suggesting that three different modes of thinking needed to be taken into account by educators. These he termed the enactive, the iconic and symbolic modes of thought. These three categories are considered by Bruner to represent the essential ways in which children make sense of their experiences through their actions, by means of visual imagery and by using language.The enactive level learning takes place by means of direct manipulation of objects and materials.The iconic level objects are represented by visual images one step removed from the real thing.The symb olic level symbols can be manipulated in place of objects or mental images.How children of 4 and 5 areKindergarten children, no matter what their cultural and experiential background, have characteristics in commonalty with other children of their age and characteristics that are particularly their ownSocio-emotional DevelopmentChildren develop socially and emotionally during the Kindergarten year. At the beginning of the year some children may be shy and appear to lack initiative. However, as they come to know the situation, the teachers and peers, they usually gain confidence and begin to establish friendships and become an active part of the class. Other children may be too cocky prior to learning from experience more appropriate ways of relating to peers. It is a time of testing and exploring social relationships.Kindergarten children are eager to be trusted with responsibility. They appreciate going on errands, using proper tools, participating with grown-ups in such activit ies as cooking, bringing things from home, and suggesting solutions to practical problems. Although there are some senses in which Kindergarten students are still egocentric (that is, tied to their own view of things) they are also able, in a suitable group environment, to be of help to each other.They can show considerable empathy toward people and animals when their own needs do not conflict with the needs of others. When helpfulness is noticed, modeled and encouraged by the teacher, helpful behavior is likely to become more common in the classroom. Kindergarten children are developing a sense of independence but are also learning to work cooperatively with others.Kindergarten children are more stable socio-emotionally than they were as preschoolers. They are developing a good sense of humour, which they express by delighting in nonsense and playing with language. They may develop specific fears, such as the fear of death, and mistakenly assume that they have caused such events as their parents separating. Kindergarten students take criticism, name calling and vamper very seriously because they still think that what is said exists in reality at its face value.Physical DevelopmentPhysical activity is one common characteristic of Kindergarten children, although children vary a great deal in the development of physical skills and abilities. Some children are slow and cautious about trying new things others seem to accept any challenge that is presented. Most Kindergarten children are full of energy, ready to run, swing, climb and jump, and are eager to try their strength by pitiable big blocks or boxes. They are developing a sense of rhythm, and enjoy such activities as marching, jumping or clapping to music. These group activities need to be short and allow for more participation than standing. Required stillness is more exhausting and stressful for most Kindergarten students than movement.Sensory development is uneven. The coordination of the eyes and other senses are still developing. Physical harvest-time has slowed down. It is a time of consolidating gains and developing fine motor control. However, over-emphasis on fine motor activities such as writing, cutting and making very discrete visual discriminations may result in tension and frustration.Intellectual DevelopmentKindergarten children love to talk. Their intellectual development is reflected in the rapid growth of vocabulary and the power to express ideas. They are developing visual and auditory memory and the ability to listen to others. Their ears are keen but they still need help in distinguishing sounds, although they can pick up another language and accurately imitate other peoples intonations and inflections. They are especially keen to acquire new words (the names of dinosaurs, for example) and to use such words as infinity and trillion. Kindergarten children welcome opportunities to be inventive with language, to play with rhyming, to joke, to explain things to each other and even to argue.Opportunities to talk about what they do, what they see and what they hear help children construct meaning and learn from their experiences. The language and ideas shared by others enable children to gradually organize and adjoin meaning to their daily observations and activities.Kindergarten children have a powerful urge to find out about things, to figure things out. They ask many questions, often deep incontestible questions and they love to play guessing games or solve riddles. Their curiosity leads them to figure out concepts and relationships, and become interested in symbols. They enjoy listening to stories, but they do not learn very much from passive attention to the teacher or mere listening to information. The intellectual growth of Kindergarten students comes from exploration, testing and investigating rather than only from listening.The children are still figuring out the properties of objects and are not yet able to reverse operations, that i s, to understand that 250 ml of water in a tall narrow glass and 250 ml of water in a large, flat pan are equal in volume. Their reasoning, from an adult perspective, is still illogical. Happenings that occur together are thought to have a causal relationship to each other, for example, Because I wore my new shoes, it rained.

Analysis of Air Deccan :: essays research papers

Analysis of Air DeccanAir Deccan was established in 2003 and started operations in August that course of study with regular scheduled flights from Bangalore to Mangalore and Hubli. The following calendar month, it opened a second hub at Chennai. Air Deccan became the first private Indian operator to fly Airbus aircraft when it deployed the first of 5 leased Airbus A320s in July 2004. It was the first air lane in India to link second rung cities like Coimbatore, Hubli, Madurai and Visakhapatnam to metros like Bangalore and Chennai. Barely two stratums into its operation the no-frills(prenominal) airline, Air Deccan, has grown from one aircraft to 19 and from one daily flight to 123. It has placed a $1.1 billion order with Airbus and will get an aircraft a month for the next 64 months. In its first full year of operation, ending in March, the company flew 1 million passengers and had revenues of $75 million. Projected revenue for this year $250 million. Also, in 2004 the company rai sed $40 million in private equity from ICICI Venture Funds Management, Indias largest private- equity player, and Capital International, an arm of the huge Los Angeles cash manager Capital Group. Air Deccan is looking to go public over the next few months. "This is not the story of Air Deccans growth--its the story of the growth of India," says Gopinath. His triumph in the fast-growing aviation industry has set off a gold rush. Two new airlines--Delhi-based SpiceJet Limited and beer baron Vijay Mallyas Kingfisher Airlines--started flying in fresh months. Several new players are waiting in the wings--including Indigo, backed by U.S. Airways former chief Rakesh Gangwal, and GoAir, which is backed by Jeh Wadia from the controlling family of the giant Bombay Dyeing & international ampere Manufacturing. "Everybody knew that India was a big market--but Gopinath went out and actually proved it," says Kapil Kaul of the Center for Asia Pacific Aviation, a consultancy. &quo tHe led the way--and led it successfully." The man behind the upstart airline traces his roots to a village in the southern Indian state of Karnataka, where his father was a schoolteacher. His own education veered into nearly eight years in the Indian army. Tired of regimentation, he veered again, into silk farming on a family plot. The transition from the cocoon to the cockpit came in 1995 when he teamed up with a friend from his army days, maestro K.